constitutional guarantees of rights and freedoms

Introduction. The specifics of the current stage of development of the state gives rise to the need for more and more efficient operation of one of the main legal mechanisms – the prohibition of the publication of laws that abolish or derogate the rights and freedoms of man and citizen, which is established by Part 2 of Art. 55 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation. Despite the recognition of a person, his or her rights and freedoms as the highest value, the current legislation does not answer the question about the content of the categories mentioned in it. Overcoming the uncertainty in understanding the “abolition” and “derogation” of the rights and freedoms of man and citizen is the goal of this study. Theoretical analysis. The author makes an attempt to study the categories of “abolition” and “derogation” of the rights and freedoms of man and citizen from the point of view of the history of their emergence in domestic constitutional legislation. The article emphasizes the relationship between the linguistic meaning of these categories and their interpretation by legal scholars. Each of them is found not only in the Basic Law of the country, but also in federal regulatory legal acts. Empirical analysis. The author analyzes a number of legal positions of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation, and the norms consolidating the immanent limits of human and civil rights. Results. The article considers the definition of constitutional categories of “abolition” and “derogation” of the rights and freedoms of man and citizen: the abolition of the rights and freedoms of man and citizen represents the cessation of their effect, derogation is to belittle the value and decrease the value of rights and freedoms for current legislation. The author identifies the main forms of the abolition and derogation of the rights and freedoms of man and citizen: annulment of laws and laws enshrining rights and freedoms, giving retroactive effect to a law that worsens the situation of citizens; discrimination, excessive, indefinite, disproportionate restriction of rights and freedoms, etc.