regional economics

System Approach to the Professional Orientation in Region

The professional orientation of the population (POP) is considered as one of the key factors in the formation of a civilized labor market, maintenance of a rational employment, creating conditions for improving the quality of working life for able-bodied citizens. The article raises a problem of the assessing quality of the realization of this system at the regional level. Theoretical analisis. selection of a systematic approach for the analysis follows from the name of the system. POP is considered as a set of interrelated components which has resources as input, target as output, the connection with the environment and feedback. Considering of POP begins with human resources which as a result should acquire new qualities that allow them to reach optimum combination of personal desires and social needs in the field of the professional employment. Research description. We conducted a survey of 11 experts who were asked to describe the POP in the Saratov region using two parameters: the degree of scientific, administrative and informational involvement of the subjects of career counseling, and the nature of the interaction between an POP subjects. Results. The results of the study indicate that POP of the Saratov region from the system position is not highly effective because the main principle of the integrity has not been considered. Subjects of the career counseling that form it aren’t bound together closely. There is an imbalance in the scientific, administrative and informational supplying in the work of individual subjects of career counseling. Therefore, the ultimate efficiency of POP is low. Conclusions. It is necessary to study POP from the standpoint of an interdisciplinary approach to create the basis of the development of principal federal programs and federal model system for career guidance for implementation in the Russian Federation with a regional focus, to develop an arrangement of legal and management solutions that will coordinate the cooperation of all subjects of POP. 

 Izv. Sarat. Univ. Economics. Management. Law, 2013, vol. 13, iss. 3(2)
Factors Influencing the Innovation Activity of Organizations

Introduction. The interest in measuring of regional innovation capacity and impact of innovation can be attributed to external factors and as a result of active inclusion of the Russian Federation in the global economic system. When the Russian Federation integrates into the world economic system, there is the task is not only to compare the subjects of the Russian Federation on the level innovative activity among themselves but also to determine the best experience on regional level in Russia. The intention of this paper is to expand knowledge of the attributes of the regional system in Russia and improve approaches for improvement of innovation activity. Empirical analysis. This paper proposes and tests a model of institutional differences to explain the influence of risks factors and economic factors on innovation output at the regional level in Russia. This research identifies the factors that determine of Russian innovative activities on regional level. In this paper were used data of innovative activity of organizations in 83 Russian regions from 2008 to 2012. The article analyzes the following factors that affect the innovation activity at the regional level: regional foreign investment, the availability of special economic zones, the population density in the region, domestic regional product (economic activity of the region), and the level of economic, criminal, and financial risks in the region, investment in fixed assets. The methodology of the study. In this study were used a time series model. The main objective of the analysis is to study the impact of regional foreign investment, the availability of special economic zones, the population density in the region, domestic regional product (economic activity of the region), and the level of economic, criminal, and financial risks in the region, invest- ment in fixed assets on the regional patent activity. Results of research. This paper suggests that foreign investment, population density, economic risks and capital investments have a significant positive impact on innovation activity on regional level in Russia. Conclusions. Implications for research and managerial practice are discussed and the model’s relevance for innovation activities in Russia and other major emerging economies is highlighted.

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