затраты

Increasing Enterprise Efficiency Through Outsourcing

Introduction. Crisis events in the economy, high competition in the market, annual increase in prices of material resources lead enterprises to seek ways to reduce the cost of products/services in order to increase efficiency. In most cases, when solving the MOB task (“make or buy”), the enterprise gets significant savings and competitive advantages in transferring, mainly non-core functions, to a third-party organization. Theoretical analysis. Outsourcing, as an innovative form of economic and organizational relations that provides profits to enterprises, has been gaining momentum in Western countries and Russian practice for recent decades. The transfer of some enterprise functions to external experts is a recognized trend of the world economy, which allows enterprises, organizations to concentrate on basic processes in order to improve the quality of management. Domestic enterprises mainly outsource accounting, document management, transport/cargo delivery, information and computer support, advertising activities, security issues. Empirical analysis. The analysis of the activity of a large machine-building enterprise in Saratov showed problems related to the need to reduce the cost of production, develop marketing strategies to increase the market share of refrigerating and freezing household appliances. Results. The results of the work are measures to improve the activity of the enterprise, consisting in outsourcing of certain non-core functions of the enterprise, which allowed to achieve economic effect in the form of annual savings and increase of net profit of the company.

 Izv. Saratov Univ. (N. S.), Ser. Economics. Management. Law, 2019, vol. 19, iss. 4
Control of Passengers in Commuter Train: the Intensity and Interest Coverage

Solving the problem of building cash activity on
commuter trains, which will provide a high level of coverage of
passengers on all trains route, can be considered from the point of
view of productivity of supervisors. Passengers trains represent the
requirements for service on the part of supervisors. They come in a
railroad train at stops and leave the train, serving their supervisors
or not. This process is convenient to describe position of queueing
theory. Theoretical analysis. Discusses achieving full payment
for the carriage of passengers, with different levels of coverage. An
analysis on suburban passenger rail, cash flows pay their passage,and monitoring to ensure the collection of tolls from the stowaways.
Results. Accepted passengers not uniform along the length of the
route. The vast majority of passengers should be on small distances
and mainly around major stations, generating and absorbing the
flows of passengers. Time to move trains on this site not long lasting.
Ensuring continuous monitoring of passengers transported in
commuter trains may subject local tactics maneuvering strength
of controlling group focus on filling the carriages and the intensity
of the rotation process passengers.

 Известия Саратовского университета. Новая серия. Серия Экономика. Управление. Право. 2015. Т. 15, вып. 3
КОНТРОЛЬ ПАССАЖИРОВ В ЭЛЕКТРИЧКЕ: ИНТЕНСИВНОСТЬ И ПРОЦЕНТ ОХВАТА

Решение задачи построения контрольно-кассовой деятельности на пригородных поездах, которая обеспечит высокий уровень охвата пассажиров на всем маршруте движения поезда, можно рассмотреть с точки зрения производительности труда контролеров. Пассажиры электропоезда представляют собой требования на обслуживание со стороны контролеров. Они поступают в вагоны поезда на остановках и покидают поезд независимо от того, обслужили их контролеры или нет. Этот процесс удобно описать с позиции теории массового обслуживания. Теоретический анализ. Обсуждается вопрос достижения полной платы за перевозку пассажиров при разных уровнях охвата их контролем. Приводится анализ пассажиропотоков на пригородных железнодорожных перевозках, денежных потоков оплаты проезда и контроля для обеспечения сбора платы за проезд с безбилетных пассажиров. Результаты. Обслуживаемый пассажиропоток неравномерен по длине маршрута. Подавляющая часть пассажиров следует на небольшие расстояния и в основном в окрестностях крупных станций, генерирующих и поглощающих потоки пассажиров. Время продвижения поезда по этому участку непродолжительно. Обеспечение сплошного контроля пассажиров пригородных поездов возможно при условии применения локальной тактики маневрирования численностью контролирующей группы, которая сориентирована на наполнение вагонов и на интенсивность процесса ротации пассажиров.