zoning
On the concept and legal means of ensuring sustainable urban development |
Introduction. The concept of sustainable development continues to receive more and more support every year, both at the international and domestic levels. The main reason for its popularity is that this concept has become a qualitatively new strategy for social development, designed to balance the environmental, economic and social interests of a citizen, business, society and the state in the interests of both present and future generations. Theoretical analysis. The movement towards sustainable development of cities within the framework of the overall strategy for achieving the SDGs is ensured by the activities of public authorities and the public to best solve the social, economic and environmental problems of settlements, improve the comfort of life of citizens through the rational use of urban resources, eff ective urban planning, not exceeding the assimilation potential of urban ecosystems, for the benefi t of present and future generations. Results. At the moment, there is no definition of sustainable urban development in the Russian law, and therefore, there is no mechanism for implementing the tasks set in SDG No. 11, including the lack of a system of indicators in the country (social, economic, environmental and others) to assess the degree of achievement of the SDGs. Today we see only separate doctrinal and normative indicators of sustainable development of cities, reflecting only some aspects of the transition of cities to sustainable development (in terms of comfortable housing, etc.). In the scientific doctrine, the relationship between the concept of sustainable urban development and other (related) concepts of interaction between nature and society, including the concept of an eco-city and a “smart” city, is also extremely poorly studied. In this regard, the legal solution to this problem can be the development of the Concept of the transition of the Russian Federation to sustainable development, which includes a clear plan of legislative work, one of the sections of which should include measures to ensure the sustainable development of cities, as well as a number of stages of movement towards this goal and a system of indicators for evaluating these processes. |
Izv. Sarat. Univ. Economics. Management. Law, 2023, vol. 23, iss. 3 |
The Statistical Method of Constructing a Forecast for the Real Estate Price Using Heterogeneous Data |
Introduction. The article deals with the issues of constructing forecasts in the real estate market using heterogeneous data. Establishing a “fair” price of housing is an urgent task for collateral assigning, for insurance purposes, for determining the investment projects effectiveness, etc. To solve this problem, econometric pricing models are used, which are specified for the entire surveyed population. In case of significant heterogeneity of the surveyed population, the predictions obtained from these models may contain significant errors. Theoretical analysis. Now, there is a variety of methods and models for the analysis of heterogeneous, spatially distributed data. Population zoning or a variable structure model is used to overcome data heterogeneity. It is connected with a number of problems. An overview of the approaches that implement these methods is given, their advantages and disadvantages are listed. A new method for constructing homogeneity zones, based on the results of the global model estimates building, is proposed to improve the forecast quality. The corresponding algorithm for calculating the local correction factor is described, which makes it possible to correct the global model forecast. Empirical analysis. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method in action, a forecast for the real estate price, based on the empirical data of the regional real estate market, was calculated, and an analysis of the forecast results was given. Results. The proposed new method for determining homogeneity zones based on the results of forecasts using the local correction calculation makes it possible to avoid a number of problems arising from the use of other approaches and represents an effective forecasting tool. |
Izv. Saratov Univ. (N. S.), Ser. Economics. Management. Law, 2019, vol. 19, iss. 2 |