international law

International judiciaries as subjects of supranational specialized control activities	Introduction. In the context of the rapidly changing geopolitical situation in the world, the issue of increasing efficiency of interstate interaction within the framework of the functioning of international universal and regional organizations seems to be very relevant. Theoretical analysis. The authors prove the legitimacy of highlighting the control function as one of the main functions in the activities of international judicial subjects, the purpose of which is to protect natural law, law and preserve the principles and norms of international legal relations, including when considering disputes about the compliance of the domestic legislation of the participating countries with international agreements, which they have undertaken to comply with. Empirical analysis. The study provides a critical analysis of international jurisprudence, primarily containing the construction of the “European consensus”, which is a powerful lever of judicial activism and implies the exclusion of the possibility of applying the doctrine of freedom of appreciation of states that are parties to international agreements. Results. Consideration of international judicial subjects through the prism of the proposed scientific approach led to the conclusion about their leading role in the mechanism of protection of international treaties as an independent subject of specialized control activities, as well as their significant impact on the processes of state sovereignization and international globalization.	Izv. Sarat. Univ. Economics. Management. Law, 2022, vol. 22, iss. 4
New Principles of Federalism: Guarantee of Territorial Integrity and Sovereignty of the Russian Federation	Introduction. The article is devoted to the analysis of constitutional and legal regulation of the issues of Russian federalism, namely the preservation of territorial integrity and sovereignty of the Russian Federation. Theoretical analysis. The author considers the main results of developments in the Russian Federation and in foreign states in the sphere of ensuring national sovereignty. The author aso looks at the results of the referendum on independence in individual countries, attempts of introduction of new standards of international law directly limiting the sovereignty of states, the instability of the situation in the socio-political spheres of constituent entities of the Russian Federation, Association of regions, Federal districts. The author formulates the thesis that the problem of preservation of territorial integrity, the sovereignty of our country is particularly relevant and requires elaboration of the mechanism for its preservation and maintenance. Since the scope of legal regulation of this issue in the current legislation is insufficient, the author also proposes the ways of improving the Constitution of the Russian Federation, other normative legal acts in terms of securing new principles of federalism and guarantees of their implementation. Results. The author notes that the creation of a mechanism, that would ensure the preservation of the territorial integrity of Russia and would reliably guarantee the unity of our state, is necessary to preserve the sovereignty and territorial integrity of the state. To this end, the author proposes to include in the Constitution of the Russian Federation the principles of federalism, which could ensure the preservation of the territorial integrity of the state, would become guarantees of state sovereignty in crisis situations. These principles include the following: 1. Ban on holding referendums with separatist issues. 2. The possibility of direct presidential rule. 3. Prohibition of secession including unilaterally. 4. The principle of the supremacy of national legislation. It is also necessary to provide a mechanism to defend their rights in the international arena, to exclude the mandatory application of the decisions of international organizations that threaten state sovereignty.	Izv. Saratov Univ. (N. S.), Ser. Economics. Management. Law, 2020, vol. 20, iss. 1