responsibility

Introduction. In article one of the basic principles of the land right mentioned in Art. 1 of the Land code of the Russian Federation, the fixing priority of protection of the earth as the most important component of the environment and means of production in agricultural industry and forestry before use of the earth as a fast estate is investigated. Theoretical analysis. This principle means that possession, use and the order of the earth are carried out by owners of the land plots freely if it does not cause an environmental damage. Investigating this principle, the author notes that requirements for protection of the earth as natural object are designed for large land massifs, and establish features of protection of the whole categories of lands. From this the special requirements distributed to owners of the concrete land plots follow. Results. The author reasons a conclusion that uniform requirements neither for protection, nor for use of the land plots which equally would extend to all categories of lands do not exist. Conclusion. Having investigated the mechanism of realization of the principle of a priority of protection of the earth as environment component before its use as fast estate, the author reveals a number of the mutual rights and obligations of bodies of the public power and land users, with fixing of measures of responsibility for violation with the last of norms and rules, and limiting the rights of owners of the land real estate.