участники уголовного судопроизводства

Questions of the Efficiency Increase of the Crime Prevention Against Criminal Legal Proceeding Participants

Introduction. Questions of the current ineffective protection of criminal trial participants in the Russian Federation are extremely topical. Due to this circumstance, such crimes undermine the authority of the domestic administration of justice and do serious harm to the personality. The paper is devoted to the problems of increasing the efficiency of measures to counteract such crimes. Methods. In this work, the method of sociological questioning of more than 400 criminal trial participants was applied. Results. It follows from the poll results that such security measures as transfer to another job (service), changing the place of job (service) or study, appearance changes for criminal trial participants to be protected are applied rarely or unapplied at all. These results imply that the allocated financial funds of state programs on the protection of criminal trial participants could be spent not to destination, which reduces the preventive activity efficiency. Conclusion. On the basis of the conducted research the author makes a conclusion that the efficiency of measures to prevent crimes against criminal trial participants should be understood as the productivity of a system of complex measures directed towards decreasing the level of the set of socially dangerous acts, being expressed in the achievement of positive results with the smallest expenses.

 Izv. Sarat. Univ. Economics. Management. Law, 2013, vol. 13, iss. 2
Victimological Characteristic of Crimes Against Participants Criminal Legal Proceedings

In  the  Russian  Federation  protection  of  participants  of  criminal  legal  proceedings  against  criminal  encroachments  is  actual and practical significant problem.  One of the features  of considered  socially  dangerous  acts  is  the  raised  extent  of  crime  victim victimization. Victimization of the personality,  that is process of her transformation into the victim, plays an important role in the mechanism of  individual  criminal  behavior. Involvement of persons to the sphere of criminal legal  proceedings  considerably  increases  level of their victimology  as  the  possession  of  the  specific  rights  and  duties  criminal  trial  participants  mark  out  from  a  circle  of  ordinary  citizens.  The given  article  is  devoted  to  research  of  the  victimological  characteristic  of  the  crimes  committed  concerning  participants  of  criminal  legal proceedings.  Methods.  In  this  work  the  method  of  sociological  poll  more  than  1300  participants  of  criminal  legal  proceedings  was  applied. Results.  From results of poll follows that among socially  dangerous acts  made  concerning  participants  of  criminal  legal  proceedings,  the most  widespread  are:  beating and causing varying severity  of harm  to health; threat of murder or causing heavy harm to health;  crimes against property; slander; infringement of life; hindrance to implementation of justice and production of preliminary investigation; bribery or coercion to evidence or evasion from  evidence or to the wrong translation.  Conclusion.  Based  on  the  conducted  research  the  author comes to the conclusion that the most  vulnerable from criminal  encroachments  are such participants  of criminal legal proceedings,  as  the witness,  the victim, the suspect  accused,  the defender, the witness.  At  the  same  time  crimes  concerning  representatives  of  the  victim, the civil respondent,  the civil claimant practically aren’t  committed.  The  received  results  should  be  considered  during  the  developing and improvement of the measures  directed  on considered  crimes  prevention.

 Izv. Sarat. Univ. Economics. Management. Law, 2013, vol. 13, iss. 4(2)
To the Question of Criminal and Legal Policy Efficiency in the Sphere of the Crime Prevention Against Criminal Legal Proceeding Participants

Introduction. In the Russian Federation the criminal and legal policy in the sphere of protection of criminal legal proceeding participants against criminal encroachments is ineffective. This circumstance leads not only to serious obstacles in justice implementation, but also to direct threat of the personality. One of prevention means of the considered crimes is their criminal legal protection. Nevertheless, the criminal law does not regulate protection of all criminal legal proceedings participants and that is the essential gap in the criminal legislation. Methods. In this work the methods of the criminal legal regulations analysis and sociological poll of more than 1300 paticipants of criminal legal proceedings were applied. Results. The results of research shows that it is necessary to carry out criminal legal protection of the criminal trial participants who aren’t included in the articles of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation such as private accuser, witness, head of investigative body, chief of division of inquiry. Besides, it is necessary to optimize criminal legal regulations that order the protection of other participants of criminal trial. Conclusion. Based on the received results of research, it offers to enter additions into some articles of the Criminal code of the Russian Federation.

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