risk

Introduction. Under globalization, the current international political and economic relations, the Russian Federation is changing to a new state policy in the field of system modernization of public procurement. Theoretical analysis. The development of predominantly market-based mechanisms of regulation, liberalization of the economy along with degradation of the regulatory role of state governance structures lead to increased risks in public procurement. Individual problems and contradictions in the system of public procurement are due to the lack of proper methodological apparatus to estimate the effect of risk. Methods. As a result of our optimization statement of the problem of selection of an executor of public orders, an algorithm and a system of mathematical models of choice of potential suppliers considering the collective evaluation of the risk category are proposed. A distinctive feature of the proposed method is the use of techniques to allow for maximum relations among the basic elements in a risky situation (alternatives, the probability of achieving the result desired, uncertainty, the possibility of deviation from the intended purpose). Results. The proposed approach makes the necessary prerequisites for the establishment of effective barriers for fraud and incompetent agents to enter the system of public procurement, both as suppliers and customers, through our selection mechanisms developed. Conclusion. The future direction of development of the methodology seems to justify the qualification requirements for suppliers, including the availability of necessary professional and technical qualifications, financial resources, equipment, labor and other material resources for the execution of contracts, work experience.

The article examines the trends in the Russian insurance market from 2005 to 2012. The paper presents the characteristics of Russian insurance companies are analyzed following data: the number of insurance organizations, the average number of insurance agents, the number of contracts, reviewed the financial performance of insurance companies from 2005 to 2012. Theoretical analysis. The paper shows that the collected insurance premiums are higher in mandatory insurance than in voluntary insurance. Results. The reason for this situation is the easier collection of insurance premiums in mandatory insurance. The authors identified and explained the reasons for the changes in the insurance market of Russia, during the financial crisis and after the crisis. Conclusions. The authors highlighted the need for modernization of the insurance business, reducing costs, improving attractiveness, quality insurance products, enhancing the competitiveness of the insurance companies. All of this research is the directions of improvements of insurance companies’ activity in the future and it will improve Russia’s practice of ensuring the financial sustainability of the insurance services’ portfolio.

Introduction. Solving specific social and important tasks, industry legislation and law enforcement practice did not develop a unified approach to the definition of “risk”, which is predetermined by its versatility and its ambiguous interpretation in scientific works and modern legislation.

The aim of the study is to develop theoretical provisions that reveal the features of risk in civil proceedings. The author pays special attention to the most controversial features of risk – its applicability to the actions of the court, performing procedural duties. The article draws attention to the meaning of “risk” in the scientific and empirical aspects. The dialectical analysis allowed to evaluate the results of lawmaking and judicial law enforcement, historical and comparative methods of scientific knowledge contributed to an objective assessment of the quality of the current procedural legislation, the system method allowed to interpret the categorical apparatus on the example of the study of “risk”, the method of legal modeling served as a justification for proposals to improve the legislation.

Results. Risk is a category specific not only to the identification of the interest of the persons involved in the case. Risk, having an objective and subjective justification, is a fundamental category of procedural law, in which the freedom of choice of subjects of law is not limited only by permissible and administrative means, but it is justified by regulatory requirements for the obliged subjects. The traditional provision of procedural legislation on the procedural risks of the parties and other persons involved in the case is quite common and applicable for the court performing procedural duties.

Conclusion. In some cases, the reference to legislation providing for “risk” for the subjects of law is not always well-founded and reflects its ontological nature. The category “risk”, having a wide purpose in procedural law, expresses an example of the dispositivity of the Russian civil procedural legislation with the peculiarities of its legal regulation of certain legal institutions, on the one hand, and the procedural impossibility of determining the consequences of a legal action that may occur for the subjects of law applying it, on the other hand.

Introduction. The theme of economic security is of increasing importance, the very dynamic, contradictory trends and developments in the modern world. Theoretical analysis. The problem of global economic security for our country. The global financial crisis raises the issue of the formation of a new concept of economic security that guarantees the independence of the country and its stability, improving the quality of life of the people, the development of science and technology. The purpose of the article is to analyze the national economic security at all levels of management, and pay particular attention to the economic security of business activity, as the stability of the State’s economic development depends on the economic security of every enterprise. It is crucially important to reveal the essence of the problem and related issues, to identify real threats to offer reliable and efficient methods of solving them. Results. Identified the essence and structure of economic security. Investigated the institutional aspects of economic security at all levels of management. Identifies internal and external threats to economic security, entrepreneurial activity and suggest ways of overcoming them. You must create a discussion platform to discuss issues of economic security of Russia, which in turn will not only identify problems but also to find a way out of them.