Economic

Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) is one of the most important resources of developing countries’ economic modernization. According to international investors, political risk is one of the major deterrents to investment in emerging markets. Opinions about the significance of this influence are different depending on the considered period. The latest crisis could make adjustments in the investment policy. Nevertheless, some developing countries show a very significant amount of FDI attracted. This paper tries to answer the question: is there a dependence of the FDI inflow on the level of political risk in developing countries? And what kinds of political risk are most significant for foreign investors? Methods. On the basis of integral indicators of political risk in 149 countries from 2002 to 2010, authors have built the various econometric models in order to verify statistically the relation between political risk and FDI to developing economies. Results. According to the best of the created models, the most significant components of political risk for foreign investors are political stability, quality of government regulation, and government effectiveness.

The article examines the trends in the Russian insurance market from 2005 to 2012. The paper presents the characteristics of Russian insurance companies are analyzed following data: the number of insurance organizations, the average number of insurance agents, the number of contracts, reviewed the financial performance of insurance companies from 2005 to 2012. Theoretical analysis. The paper shows that the collected insurance premiums are higher in mandatory insurance than in voluntary insurance. Results. The reason for this situation is the easier collection of insurance premiums in mandatory insurance. The authors identified and explained the reasons for the changes in the insurance market of Russia, during the financial crisis and after the crisis. Conclusions. The authors highlighted the need for modernization of the insurance business, reducing costs, improving attractiveness, quality insurance products, enhancing the competitiveness of the insurance companies. All of this research is the directions of improvements of insurance companies’ activity in the future and it will improve Russia’s practice of ensuring the financial sustainability of the insurance services’ portfolio.

Modern stage of development of the economy suggests that in all spheres of human activity information and knowledge form the new «specific» resource – intellectual-information capital, which in conjunction with the high-quality labor force, is the source of productivity growth and competitiveness, both at the micro and macro level. Methods. Development of methodology of research of intellectualinformational capital involves the application of methods of complex and system approach, reflecting the multi-level analysis of the investigated object. In particular, it is proposed consideration of problems of formation of the intellectual-information capital at the individual and corporate levels. Results. Intellectual and information-in capital represents the complex of regenerative in the process of accumulation of knowledge information resources, with consumer and commercial value, acting simultaneously as capitalized stock and flow, generating in the process of its involvement in the economic turnover of income subject of economic activity. The ability of the economy to effective reproduction of intellectual-information capital is determined primarily by the increase of the educational-qualification level of labour resources, growth of investment expenditures, allocated for these purposes, the creation of professional and social conditions for realization of creative potential, including the adequacy of income of the individual is required to maintain reproduction processes on this level. The decisive factor in the reproduction of the corporate intellectual-information capital is the formation of the quality management system of the enterprise (organization) focused on the development of specific forms, the application of technologies of work with knowledge, providing the possibility of combining the accumulated companies practices and technologies.

In Russia, the mortgage system is still under development. Important role in the development of mortgage undoubtedly plays Mortgage Agency, which determines the relevance of the chosen research topic. Methodology. Mortgage – secured by real property, i.e. relationship to ensure performance of the principal obligation by providing the mortgagee in the event of nonperformance or improper performance by the debtor of the principal obligation of the preemptive right to meet their demands by collateral. Results. Russian state assumes all the risks of mortgage loans through the use of a secondary mortgage market schemes: a mortgage loan granted by commercial banks, and then sold the state organization – the Agency for Housing Mortgage Lending. HMLA financed mortgage loans by issuing its own debt (usually for 30 years), guaranteed by the state, that is attracted to finance mortgages cheapest resources that can be found on the market. Conclusion. Creation and development of mortgage lending will not only help improve the living conditions of citizens, but will also help create a stable banking system.