Economic

The article analyzes the peculiarities of Russian large corporations. The activities of Russian corporations as it promotes economic development, and implements the inertial tendencies. Addressed the complexities involved and when transferring innovations created in other countries on Russian soil.

Introduction. The relevance of the scientifi c substantiation of approaches to ensuring the sustainable development of the agro-food system is due to the growing impact of environmental factors on the internal structural balance and the target setting of the agro-food system. The sustainable development of the national agro-food system has begun to imply economic growth in order to achieve indicators of the physical and economic accessibility of quality food for the Russian population. At the same time, environmental priorities increasingly has begun to fade into the background, which contradicts the basic principles of the concept of sustainable development, which implies the unity of economic, social and environmental aspects. Research methodology. The theoretical and methodological basis of the study is a systematic approach, the main provisions of which give grounds to consider the agro-food complex as a complex, dynamic and multi-level system of interconnected elements and diverse ordered relationships between them. Theoretical analysis. The article considers and systematizes theoretical approaches to the interpretation of the concept of “agro-food system”. The structural features of the agro-food complex as a system are highlighted. The stages of the reproduction process in all sectors of the agro-industrial complex are characterized through the prism of the economic, social and environmental components of the concept of sustainable development. Empirical analysis. Using a systematic approach, the infl uence of external and internal factors on the main criteria for the sustainability of the agro-food system has been studied. A conceptual framework for analyzing the resilience of agro-food systems in relation to external infl uences is presented. Potential for sustainability, adaptation and management are considered with regard to agro-food system. Conclusions. The relationship between the basic principles of ensuring the sustainability of agro-food systems and aspects of food security is revealed. The properties that are most signifi cant for maintaining the sustainability of the agro-food system under the constant infl uence of external risks are identified.

In the evolution of Western-type and Soviet-type economies after World War II, there were many common points that prompted scientists to talk about the convergence of two ideologically alternative political and economic systems. Remarkable examples of a comparative analysis of both vectors of the development of national economies, based on the same conceptual premises, are the books of J. K. Galbraith “The new industrial state” and “Economics and the public purpose”. The inability of the neoclassical and neo-Keynesian theory to explain the socio-economic changes that took place initiated a scientifi c search in the Western economy for the properties of the Soviet socialist system of regulation, the planned organization of the national economy. The need for planning was predetermined by the nature of the use of time and capital in modern production, the specialization of enterprises, the needs of large corporate organizations, the problems of unstable functioning of the market in conditions of advanced engineering and technology. There are reasons to assume that J. K. Galbraith’s concept of the state-corporate economy contains a reminiscence of the theory of state-monopolistic capitalism, set forth in the most famous works of V. I. Ulyanov-Lenin “Imperialism, the highest stage of capitalism” and “About food tax”. J. K. Galbraith outlined a logically holistic conceptual understanding of the objective conditionality of convergence in the development of Western-type and Soviet-type economic models. Decentralization in Soviet-style economic systems meant not a return to the market, but the transfer of some planned functions from the state to the fi rm. The convergence of the Soviet and Western systems cannot be understood as the return of the fi rst system to the market. Both systems have outgrown the market. There was a clear convergence in the direction of the same forms of planning. J.K. Galbraith discussed the possibility of reforming the American economy on the basis of the model of “new socialism”.

Article is devoted features of formation of an innovative business environment in the Russian conditions. The innovative business environment is, now, at a formation stage, therefore practically there is not is innovative-active population, stimulation of innovators to business, businessmen to active introduction of innovations in manufacture, the mechanism of a birth of innovations, their conclusion to the market and introductions in manufacture.