Economic

Introduction. Analysis of foreign experience in the implementation and application of methods, models, tools and venture-capital schemes sophisticated hi-tech innovative enterprises are better implemented at the example of Western Europe and the United States. Venture capital industry in these countries are used to analyze because it is currently the most advanced in relation to the venture capital investment in other countries. Theoretical analysis. As a subject of study chosen model of venture investment knowledge-intensive high-tech enterprises. Generalizing, evaluate and analyze the experience of high-end technology venture investment companies in the United States and Great Britain we formed more than ten relevant methods of investing. Results. In the field of high-end technology venture investment enterprises are a large number of different methods, models and forms of organization of the process of venture investment. Each model of venture investment enterprises high-end technology has its own characteristics and traits that explain the possibilities and limitations of their use in the financing of projects to create a knowledge-based vysokotehnological hi-tech products. The European system of high-tech venture capital investment in high-tech enterprises differs greatly from the construction of the American type. This is due to differences in legislation and legal acts, the difference of the general scheme of movement of investment and financial flows. However, despite the distinctive features and characteristics presented methods and models of high-end technology venture investment enterprises, they may be included in the general scheme of the process of organizing the venture capital industry, which aims to fund innovative industries of high technology products that are heavily dependent on the avail- ability of venture capital and its sources.

Introduction. The tactical objective of the authorities in the field of innovation is the formation of a favorable environment, as «umbrella» over innovation. Theoretical analysis. The article analyzes the activities of executive authorities in the Saratov region, responsible for taking initiatives in innovation, and algorithmic activities of the government of the Saratov region on the creation of favourable innovation climate and innovation infrastructure. Empirical analysis. The mechanisms of influence of the Ministry of industry and energy of the Saratov region, the Ministry of economic development and investment policy, regional Venture Fund and Business incubator for innovative activity in the region analyzed. Discussion of the results. There is support of key state agencies aimed at stimulating innovation activity, commercialization of new inventions, their introduction into production in the Saratov region. Powerful university complex with regional bodies has a direct impact on the development of innovative activities in the region. However, weak industry, the lack of competitive enterprises in a modern technological basis, the bankruptcy of many industrial enterprises, the burden of excessive taxes, high tariffs, lack of investment programs reinforce is negative trends. It requires the review of all innovation, investment and industrial policy in the Saratov region, its adjustment towards the creation of favorable conditions for development of innovative activity.

Introduction. The interest in measuring of regional innovation capacity and impact of innovation can be attributed to external factors and as a result of active inclusion of the Russian Federation in the global economic system. When the Russian Federation integrates into the world economic system, there is the task is not only to compare the subjects of the Russian Federation on the level innovative activity among themselves but also to determine the best experience on regional level in Russia. The intention of this paper is to expand knowledge of the attributes of the regional system in Russia and improve approaches for improvement of innovation activity. Empirical analysis. This paper proposes and tests a model of institutional differences to explain the influence of risks factors and economic factors on innovation output at the regional level in Russia. This research identifies the factors that determine of Russian innovative activities on regional level. In this paper were used data of innovative activity of organizations in 83 Russian regions from 2008 to 2012. The article analyzes the following factors that affect the innovation activity at the regional level: regional foreign investment, the availability of special economic zones, the population density in the region, domestic regional product (economic activity of the region), and the level of economic, criminal, and financial risks in the region, investment in fixed assets. The methodology of the study. In this study were used a time series model. The main objective of the analysis is to study the impact of regional foreign investment, the availability of special economic zones, the population density in the region, domestic regional product (economic activity of the region), and the level of economic, criminal, and financial risks in the region, invest- ment in fixed assets on the regional patent activity. Results of research. This paper suggests that foreign investment, population density, economic risks and capital investments have a significant positive impact on innovation activity on regional level in Russia. Conclusions. Implications for research and managerial practice are discussed and the model’s relevance for innovation activities in Russia and other major emerging economies is highlighted.

Introduction. The rising role of universities in regional development in Russia determines the importance of research able to assess universities’ impact and influence on territory’s development. Theoretical analysis. Due to complex functions of modern HEIs and diversified socio-economic environment universities turned to address wider needs of social development then it was defined previously by the classical concepts of universities. The universities’ society or community engagement is one of the important features of modern universities. The mechanisms of the universities’ social engagement could be derived from various analytical frameworks. E.g. the H. Etz- kowitz’ Triple Helix Model or the model of the universities’ multilateral and multilevel networking suggested by P.Arbo and P. Benneworth. Methodology. The model of the universities’ multilateral and multilevel networking presents the background for the universities regional engagement qualitative research. The paper highlights the methodological approach to the universities’ regional engagement qualitative assessment, methods of qualitative analysis, and results drawn from the qualitative research. Conclution. The qualitative approach to the universities’ regional impact assessment is argued as the most relevant to the strategic management goals set currently by Russian regional universities in order to address the regional needs effectively.