Management

Together with new management paradigm forming, the political management of the country aims to modernize national economics and to implement the new Concept of long-term social and economic development of the Russian Federation up to 2020. Ascending importance of informatization development, upgrading of traditional methods of regional industrial structures management require to hold a complex monitoring of actual changes, results of programs and conceptions implementation, to establish trends, dependencies and regularities, to identify advanced direction of successful strategic programs implementation. This provides for the necessity in the present to elaborate methodological instruments permitting to evaluate the development level of informational resources in regional industrial systems. Methods. In course of elaborating and approbation of the methodological instruments, the following general scientific methods were used: system, descriptive, comparative, statistics and comparison analyses. Results. The result is a ready to go methodological set of instruments permitting to evaluate the economics informatization status in different regions of Russia, including a multifactor integral evaluation of informational processes development level, ranking of the Russian Federation constituent entities. The present methodology makes it possible for various groups of users (federal and regional authorities, entrepreneurs) to determine problem zones in informational processes development in the regions and to work out a correction of managerial influences on regions level. Conclusions. Thus, the article presents methodology of comprehensive parameter construction permitting to evaluate the informational processes development in Russian regions. Basic problems of statistics data collection are envisaged. Comprehensive parameter of informational processes development level evaluation in all Russian regions is calculated.

Introduction. The article examines the spatial heterogeneity and factors of the exchange rate pass-through effect in consumer prices in Russian regions. Two hypotheses are tested. The first hypothesis is that there are differences in the magnitude of the passthrough between the Russian regions, the second is the significant influence of spatial relationships between regions on the magnitude of the pass-through effect. Theoretical analysis. The factors of the interregional differences in the pass-through effect are analyzed: the share of imports in the consumption structure, the share of value added produced in the domestic market in the final price of goods, transaction costs, the level of competition and the market structure. Empirical analysis. First pass-through estimates were obtained by means of vector autoregression model. Then the spatial dependence of the exchange rate pass-through was investigated on the basis of the global Moran and Geary indices, LISA, SAR and SEM models. Results. The results indicate the heterogeneity of the pass-through effect in Russian regions, which confirms the first of the hypotheses put forward. Confirmation of the second hypothesis was found only for food products in the short term, which is due to the nature of commodity flows between Russian regions. It is concluded that it is necessary to study the spatial relationships of the pass-through effect based on disaggregated prices.

Introduction. The subject of the research is public-private partnership (PPP), which contributes, through funding and incentives, to the spatial development of innovation in the United States. As an economic phenomenon, PPP is seen as an effective mechanism for integrating investors, business (primarily venture capital) and the state aimed at implementing the innovation process at the meso-spatial level – states and regions (subregions) of the United States – within the framework of regional innovation systems (RIS), contributing to territorial differentiation. Theoretical analysis reveals the factors and mechanisms of public-private interaction in the space of the corresponding RIS states and sub-regions of the country, characterized by the institutional and functional role of American forms of PPP in the implementation of innovative projects at the regional level. A hypothesis is formulated about the heterogeneity and unevenness of the united innovation space in the United States, one of the foundations of which is the differential nature of state financing of innovation activities at the regional level. Empirical analysis. A correlation is shown between indicative indicators reflecting the level of innovative potential and characterizing the innovative activity of the RIS of the states and subregions of the United States as a whole, on the one hand, and the degree of development of the innovative potential of PPP within the RIS of the corresponding territory, on the other hand. The carried out typological grouping of RIS states based on the lognormal distribution reflects the statistical commonality of the analyzed indicators. Results. Based on the available values of the indices characterizing the innovation activity of the RIS of specific states and subregions of the United States, as well as the calculation of integral indicators that make it possible to assess the interaction of PPP subjects, which are at the same time the institutional and functional elements of the corresponding RIS, a hypothetical statement about the unevenness of the US innovative development has been confirmed. In this case, the territorial differentiation of innovation in the United States and its impact on the spatial aspect of the development of an innovative economy, and, consequently, on economic growth, is determined by the intensity of the use of innovative potential by forms of PPP, which involves proactive financing and stimulation of innovative business projects at the expense of budgetary funds in the RIS of specific groups of states and sub-regions of the United States.

Introduction. The main part of the enterprises equipment of the Russian oil and gas complex operates in different natural and geographical conditions, which requires a special approach to the organization and management of its restoration and renovation. Theoretical analysis. This article examines the definitions of such concepts as “restoration”, “renovation”, as well as the issues of a reactive and proactive approach to managing the processes of restoration and renovation of equipment. Empirical analysis. Based on field studies at oil and gas enterprises, the emphasis is placed on the validity of adopting a proactive approach to the management of equipment recovery and renovation; developed an indicator (index) of proactive management decision-making in the restoration and renovation of equipment. Results. This indicator can be used by the management of oil and gas enterprises to assess the rationality of organizing and managing the processes of equipment restoration and renovation, including the choice of self-service or outsourcing services.