Management
Transformation of the Classical University in the National Research University: a Regional Perspective |
In modern conditions of the economy one of the most promising ways of increasing the efficiency of the economic system is the creation of innovative socio-economic structures. Institutional forms of the organization of such structures are national research universities. Theoretical analysis. The article discusses the process of transforming traditional universities in national research universities. This is, firstly, a consequence of disequilibrium and instability of the modern world, and secondly, the result of constant change and chaos in the natural, social, economic and other systems, and thirdly, the orientation of the new economy on knowledge and innovation. The paper investigates the change of roles of universities: from traditional (educational and scientific activities) to the new (commercialization of research results), as well as the changing role of universities in economic development. Discussion of results. On the example of the restructuring of the regional university to a national research university revealed the fundamental position of the regional university in the community, making it a key element in the future of innovation, creating new jobs, sustainable development and economic growth of the region as a whole. |
Izv. Sarat. Univ. Economics. Management. Law, 2013, vol. 13, iss. 3(2) |
The Influence of Corporate Governance on Increase of Transparency of Business |
Over the past few years, corporate governance in Russia is now quite common because of the possibility of obtaining a variety of positive effects. To assess the transparency of domestic companies study was conducted, the results of which are presented in this paper to understand the current level of information transparency of Russian corporations and its dynamics from 2004 to the present. Methods. The dynamics of change and the current level of transparency of business on the example of 85 companies on nine key indicators of information on the following clusters: materials for the general meeting of shareholders, financial reporting standards RAS and IFRS, capital structure, the data is on the Board of Directors and management, corporate governance, fairness Information for Russian and foreign investors. Conclusions. Implementation of good practices of corporate governance enhances transparency of internal processes in the organization, which facilitates assessment of the prospects of the company and its investors is the basis for attracting investment funds (with a positive state of affairs. |
Izv. Sarat. Univ. Economics. Management. Law, 2013, vol. 13, iss. 3(2) |
Nature and Content of Effectiveness Evaluation of Labor Management Personnel |
Under current conditions, any organization faces the need of constant search for ways to improve the efficiency of its operations, which is determined by how efficient management process, as management is a must, an integral part of the total social labor. Theoretical analysis. Management efficiency, in largely determined by the activities of employees engaged in administrative work. Under the managerial labor type of work, which must include the operations associated with the performance of administrative functions such as regulation, accounting, control, coordination of the various business processes of the organization, and be aimed at achieving the goals and objectives of the organization within the mission of the organization. Empirical analysis. The specificity of the administrative work, as a separate type of professional activity, needs to develop and improve the methodological device that will improve its effectiveness. One of the ways to increase the efficiency of administrative work is to assess the effectiveness of managerial work. Results. Evaluating the effectiveness of managerial work is multi-criteria. The author defines the place of assessing the effectiveness of administrative work in the management system. Classification performance evaluation conducted according to certain criteria, allows for a comparative analysis of these types of evaluation as a formal and informal. In assessing the effectiveness of administrative work necessary to take into account its diversity and to select methods of assessment and evaluation criteria based on the content of managerial work and the level of management. Conclusions. Managerial work is very complex, specific category, it is difficult to assess. But despite this, each manager should be interested to regularly evaluate the results of their labor. Currently, there is no single universal method of estimating the efficiency of administrative work. |
Izv. Sarat. Univ. Economics. Management. Law, 2013, vol. 13, iss. 3(2) |
Elements of Fright Transport CompanyResource Strategy’s Methodology |
There area lot of strategic planning science papers focused on the strategy development; each of ones has its own specific form. However, the enterprise’ resource strategy is often neglected, that causes a lack of methodology aspects elaboration and implementation. Meanwhile, the resource-based view, which is one of the areas of firm strategic theory, founded on the assumption that the enterprise resources are the basis of its competitiveness and provide a high market rate, increasing the interest to the resource strategy. The paper attempts to fill this gap, by formation the methodology basic elements. Methods. Strategy’s methodology adopted in strategic management theory includes such basic elements as: a description of strategy theory base, its characteristics (principles), logical and temporal structures, and technology (tools) of creating. The resource strategy, as any other ones, also has all of structural elements, however differ in their specific features. That allows to elicit resources strategy as an allocate plan in the enterprise’ strategic planning system. Results. The results of the developed by the authors methodology for the resource strategy of the freight transport enterprise is the offering of integration-and-priority approach. Its conceptual framework focuses on the resource strategy dominant position in the enterprise strategic plans and on-line association the enterprises, acting on the transportation market, in the union information database for strategic resources identification and making core competencies. |
Izv. Sarat. Univ. Economics. Management. Law, 2013, vol. 13, iss. 3(2) |
Mechanisms of Public-private Partnerships at the Regional Level |
The article analyzes the functioning of public-private partnerships at the regional level. The main trends in this area are defined by their specific risks in Russia at the regional level. Theoretical analysis. Consideration of the basic approaches to the definitions of public-private partnership has allowed to note, that it is the understanding of the essence of this partnerships, primarily as a mechanism for the joint investment of resources in the implementation of infrastructure projects, the sharing of risks and responsibilities in the implementation of such projects on a contract basis. Empirical analysis. Analysis of trends emerging market of regional public-private partnership has shown a positive trend. The study of the Russian experience in implementing public-private partnership demonstrates that it along with the launch of large mega-projects, there is a great demand for the development of instruments of public-private partnership at the level of regions and municipalities in the field of communal, social and transport infrastructure, construction, communications and roads. Results. The basic shortcomings of instruments of public-private partnership, the key factors and risks affecting the prospects of regional projects, ways of solving the problems of development of public-private partnerships at the regional level are formulated in the article. |
Izv. Sarat. Univ. Economics. Management. Law, 2013, vol. 13, iss. 3(2) |
Model Design Technology Solutions Management Function Tasks |
Currently produced new approaches to management. One such approach is technologization management processes. At the present stage of the quickest and most effective is the use of social technologies, including and technology management, as management tools and techniques. Awareness of the need technologizing comes gradually, when the organization is faced with the need to streamline the administrative and operational processes of the organization. Theoretical analysis. The system of management of the organization is composed of different structural elements. From the position of the functional approach, the structural unit of management is the functional task management, the realization of which in the normal course of business management technology designed. The functioning of many systems management processes and sub is focused. A typical implementation of this act is to solve the set of specific management tasks to achieve the desired goal of a fixed initial situation. The results of the study. Technology to the procedures in detail is the transformation of the input information into output. Work on technology use should start with the valuation function, since this function sets the basic parameters for the solution of other functional management tasks within the control system. In this case, should not focus on a particular profession. It is assumed that the composition parameters and the value of their standards within the chosen method will not differ materially for a variety of professions. Precise performance of the model presented in stages technologizing management will allow organizations to have a stable and reliable system management processes and sub-level operations and procedures, as well as the system’s development and renovation in the operation. |
Izv. Sarat. Univ. Economics. Management. Law, 2013, vol. 13, iss. 3(2) |
Management of Innovative Development in the System of Management of the Industrial Enterprise |
In recent decades, more and more research addressing the problems of innovative development at the microeconomic level (including level of industrial enterprises). For formation of a corresponding system of management of innovative development of industrial enterprises is necessary to give a description of the essential features of such management, to define its role and place in the overall system of management of the enterprise. Theoretical analysis. By the moment in the field of management of innovative development there is a certain conceptual apparatus that was reviewed and clarified in the article. Revealed the characteristic features of management of innovative development, leading to the need to integrate different types of management in the management process. Methods. Management of innovation development is carried out at the strategic and operational level, which predetermines the synthesis of innovative, strategic and operational management. Also in the management of the innovation development of one of the key roles played by project management (innovative design). Becoming increasingly widespread process approach. Results. The study proposed a scheme for integration of different types and approaches to the management in the process of management of innovative development of industrial enterprises. Conclusions. The developed approach allows increasing the quality of management of innovative development of industrial enterprises. |
Izv. Sarat. Univ. Economics. Management. Law, 2013, vol. 13, iss. 3(2) |
Regional Aspects of the State Support of Farms |
The farming has the economic importance for development of rural territories therefore within an operating legal framework their priority for assistance of employment and growth of the income of country people, and also a role is fixed in preservation of a rural way of life of the population. Theoretical analysis. By state program edition for 2007–2012 it is defined that improvement of their resource providing, improvement of production infrastructure and improvement of sale of production, social arrangement of farms and others had to become the important directions of development of K(F)H. However during implementation of the program its shortcomings were shown, some vital issues didn’t find the reflection or got public and scientific approval. Today the state policy began to participate more actively in formation of agrarian infrastructure, business development in the village. The greatest recognition was gained by state support on reduction in cost of credit resources that, however doesn’t increase efficiency of use of budgetary funds and doesn’t attract forward development of farming. The called measures don’t create favorable conditions for reproduction of means as the unprofitable condition of many farms doesn’t allow them to use means of state support. Operating measures of direct state support assist in the majority to development of financial structures and small part of economically strong farms. Results. In agriculture many scientists connect economic growth with direct support of production which under laws of the WTO has the right to life only in a certain size, i.e. restructuring of measures of a yellow basket is necessary. To provide expanded reproduction of material resources, according to authors, it is necessary to coordinate existing standards of subsidies to labor productivity indicators in farms. Such standards will promote more effective use of means of support, will create equal conditions on their receiving to producers, will increase their competitiveness in the WTO market. |
Izv. Sarat. Univ. Economics. Management. Law, 2013, vol. 13, iss. 3(2) |
Strategies of Real Estate Investments in the Domestic and Foreign Markets |
The current stage of globalization demonstrates a completely failure of local business and authorities to reflect the expansion of transnational investment and construction capital which is rapidly increasing its influence on the development of the national real estate markets. The problem lies in the inability to explain adequately and predict accurately the nature of the impact of this factor without proper understanding of the differences in the strategies of domestic and foreign investment in real estate. Methodology. The solution of the problem require rejection of the liberal economic concepts and usage the provisions of the classical political economy, which operates with a separate descriptions of the real estate as goods and as capital. The temporal and structural analysis of investments takes the central place in the study. Analysis. Analysis is based on empirical data, including facts on investment activity in the real estate of Russia, India, USA, China and the World in general. We show inability of the division investments through the basis of legal subjectivity «resident–non-resident». Domestic and foreign strategies vary according to all indicators of business: types of collateral, frequency of investments, their turnover, degree of dominance in the national real estate market in different periods of its development cycle. Results. As a result, we have for the first time identified and explained the variability of rhythmic strategies of foreign players associated with the dynamics of the financial and economic condition of the domestic real estate market. It was revealed that domestic businesses needs in state support that must limit the freedom of the repatriation of foreign investments. |
Izv. Sarat. Univ. Economics. Management. Law, 2013, vol. 13, iss. 3(2) |
Formation of Indicators Characterizing the Adaptive Properties of Logistics Systems |
The article takes up the issues of the basic approaches to the formation of indicators of the level of adaptation of logistics systems. The concrete indicators of the level of adaptation, by which it becomes possible to analyze the degree of accordance of organizational structures of logistics systems and external environment, are proposed. Theoretical analysis. For the analysis of the level of adaptation properties it is necessary to develop indicators that directly reflect the process of adapting logistic systems to changes in the external environment. In practice, it is important to know the unorganized logistics system, as it gives the operational information about the quality of the organization and function of the elementary concepts of disorder. Disorganization – is generalized for the considered number of possible situations, timing characteristics of disorder, weighted by a factor of importance (in the sense of «inferiority») of its manifestation in relation to certain performance of the system. The results of the study. The paper shows the indicators that allow to analyze the institutional structure of logistics systems and the external environment. The target entropy is considered as the mathematical model of the process of adaptation of logistical system to the working conditionals. Index organization is marked out as a criterion for assessing the degree of adaptation of logistic system to the (external) environment. Conclusions. Disorganization of operation is the result of the impact of the environment on the control object, while the organization is a quantitative measure of the ability to adapt to the effects of environmental factors and can be also offered as a criterion for assessing the level of adaptation of the logistics system to disturbing influences of the environment. |
Izv. Sarat. Univ. Economics. Management. Law, 2013, vol. 13, iss. 3(2) |